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Enfer. tórax (Lima) ; 52(1): 24-30, ene.-jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-519911

ABSTRACT

La hemoptisis periódica o recurrente en los pacientes con bronquiectasias sangrantes, secuelas de tuberculosis pulmonar, sigue siendo un factor de alto riesgo de muerte, por el desconocimiento de la comunidad médica de que existen otros agentes oportunistas que producen el sangrado, ajenos a la tuberculosis pulmonar. Determinar los verdaderos agentes causales de la infección de las bronquiectasias sangrantes. Determinar las causas del sangrado que puede ser mortal. Se han estudiado las piezas operatorias de 24 pacientes con hemoptisis por bronquiectasias sangrantes por secuelas de tuberculosis pulmonar, a quienes se le ha realizado previamente los siguientes estudios: radiografía de tórax standard y tomografía axial computarizada, examen directo y cultivo de BK, broncofibroscopia para observación directa de lesiones intraluminales sangrantes, y para determinar el nivel del sangrado con el fin de que el paciente sea sometido a cirugía para la extirpación del segmento o lóbulo sangrante. Los hallazgos del acto operatorio, han sido tomados en cuenta y las piezas operatorias han sido sometidas a un estudio anatomo-patológico y microbiológico en búsquedade hongos, tuberculosis, gérmenes comunes y neoplasia pulmonar. Se demostró la presencia del hongo Aspergillus en el 83,3% de los casos de pacientes con bronquiectasias o cavernas; el estudio de gérmenes comunes aerobios y de tuberculosis, concomitante, fue negativo en el 100% de los casos. El reporte operatorio y el estudio anatomo patológico, demuestran la presencia de micetoma y lesiones cicatriciales altamente sangrantes que hacen un acto operatorio de tiempo prolongado...


Periodical bleeding in patients with bronchiectasia, sequel of lung tuberculosis, carries a high death risk due to the fact that the medical community is not aware that other opportunistic agents, apart from tuberculosis, can produce hemorrhages. To establish the pathogenic agents of the infection in bleeding bronchiectasia from samples obtained through surgical resection. We have studied the surgical specimens obtained from 24 patients with bleeding bronchiectasia. Before operation the patients were subjected to standard radiological and computerized tomography of the lungs, directed sputum examination and culture for mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as fiber optic bronchoscope to observe the bleeding intraluminary lesions and to establish the level of the hemorrhage, so that the patient may be operated expend to remove the bleeding segment or lobe. The surgical specimens were examined pathologically and microbiologically to detect tuberculosis, fungi, common bacteria and neoplasia. Aspergillum was found in 83.3% of the bronchiectasia or caverns. The investigation of common aerobic microbes and mycobacterium tuberculosis was negative in 100% of the specimens. Mycetoma and highly weeding ears were documented by the surgical report and pathological examination. These bleeding lesions required prolonged operative procedures. In bleeding bronchiectasia the only infective agent found was Aspergillum. There was not concomitant tuberculosis or other pathogenic agents. The invaded scar tissue was highly vascularizado causing moderate to severe bleeding, a death risk for patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary , Bronchiectasis/microbiology , Bronchiectasis/pathology , Hemoptysis , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies
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